Royalties and deductions

Is it the norm to pay post production cost and also is your percentage figured on the net or the gross. As you may have noticed I am new to this and need all the info. ICan get.

I don't know if it's the norm, but most Range and Chesapeake leases I've seen say that no deductions are to be taken from the royalty, except those which end up increasing the value. .....Which ends up being a bunch. I've heard $1 to $1.50 processing & transportation, then your royalty is figured on whatever's left.

You would also want to be paid on the value of a first arms length transaction. If Chesapeake sells your gas to an affiliate for $1.75 and takes out $1.50 in deductions for processing and transport and then the state takes production and severance taxes, you make pennies.